Top 10 Common Mistakes in Phaco Surgery and How to Avoid Them | Phaco Training
Phacoemulsification, or phaco surgery, has revolutionized cataract removal. Yet, even seasoned surgeons can stumble. Let's explore the top 10 mistakes in phaco surgery and how to avoid them, ensuring better outcomes for your patients.
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- Inadequate
Hydrodissection
Proper hydrodissection is crucial for smooth nucleus
rotation and extraction. Insufficient fluid injection can lead to incomplete
cortical cleaving, making the procedure more challenging.
Solution: Ensure a visible fluid wave during
hydrodissection. Use multiple injections if necessary, and gently rotate the
nucleus to confirm adequate separation.
- Incorrect
Incision Construction
Poor incision architecture can result in wound leakage and
increased risk of endophthalmitis.
Solution: Create a three-plane incision with appropriate
width and length. Aim for a self-sealing wound that maintains anterior chamber
stability throughout the procedure.
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- Premature
Entry into the Lens Capsule
Entering the capsule too early can lead to capsular tears
and complications.
Solution: Complete hydrodissection and rotation before
attempting to enter the lens capsule. Ensure proper visualization and maintain
a stable anterior chamber.
- Inefficient
Nucleus Chopping
Ineffective chopping techniques can prolong surgery time and
increase the risk of complications.
Solution: Master various chopping techniques (horizontal,
vertical, or hybrid) and choose the most appropriate method based on lens
density and your skill level.
- Excessive
Phaco Power
Using too much ultrasound energy can damage corneal
endothelial cells and prolong recovery time.
Solution: Employ burst or pulse modes to reduce overall
phaco energy. Utilize techniques like phaco-chop to minimize ultrasound usage.
- Poor
Chamber Maintenance
Inadequate anterior chamber stability can lead to posterior
capsule rupture and other complications.
Solution: Maintain proper bottle height and ensure balanced
irrigation and aspiration. Use viscoelastic devices judiciously to protect
corneal endothelium and maintain space.
- Insufficient
Cortical Clean-up
Residual cortical material can lead to postoperative
inflammation and posterior capsule opacification.
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Solution: Perform thorough cortical aspiration using
tangential stripping techniques. Pay special attention to subincisional cortex.
- Inaccurate
IOL Power Calculation
Incorrect lens power selection can result in suboptimal
visual outcomes and patient dissatisfaction.
Solution: Use multiple formulas for IOL power calculation,
especially in challenging cases. Consider intraoperative aberrometry when
available.
- Improper
IOL Insertion and Positioning
Misaligned or malpositioned IOLs can cause visual
disturbances and may require reoperation.
Solution: Ensure proper orientation of the IOL before
insertion. Confirm complete unfolding and centration of the lens within the
capsular bag.
- Overlooking
Wound Closure
Inadequate wound closure can lead to postoperative hypotony,
infection, and induced astigmatism.
Solution: Carefully inspect all incisions at the end of
surgery. Use hydration techniques or sutures if necessary to ensure watertight
closure.
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By being aware of these common pitfalls and implementing the
suggested solutions, you can enhance your surgical technique and improve
patient outcomes. Remember, continuous learning and practice are key to
mastering phacoemulsification. Embrace new technologies and techniques, but
always prioritize patient safety and surgical precision.

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